Norah Romney
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In ancient Egypt, the scarabaeus was already the symbol of an elevated religious idea, embracing a human soul's future life, its resurrection from the grave, and, most likely, its reward or punishment in the next life, based on its conduct in life.
As far as we have determined, the use of scarabaeus models as symbols of new life and the future eternal life of the triumphant or justified dead pre-existed in the earliest historical knowledge we have...
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Egypt's temples are the temporary residence of the Neter and the location of its mysteries. "Mysteries" refers to the complete knowledge of the Neter's powers and manifestations, as well as how this knowledge is accessed by those connected to it. Among the reports of ancient travelers, we find references to the mysteries practiced in Egyptian temples. Although the activities were universally known, only those qualified to participate had access to...
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As the Olmec culture developed in the early pre-classic period, we observe the phenomenon of the Olmec Heads and their Mysterious origins. Through ideological management and coercion mechanisms, the dominant ruler appears and alludes to forms of government exercised by individuals. Massive sculptures and large-scale architecture represent the first representations of political power.
The socio-political complex that developed thus encouraged the...
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There are a host of ancient ruins in South America, claimed by the Inca, inherited by the Inca, conquered by the Inca and built by the Inca. Although one label has stuck on each monument or ancient site, it is clear there are many layers of construction, physically and conceptually. Academics and Scholars still debate who built these, monuments, did they inherit them? Was there a Pre-Inca culture, but everyone can appreciate how advanced the 'Inca...
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Egypt was considered by ancient peoples to be the epitome of Knowledge. Their mysterious Nile country had a knowledge system much more developed than any in their native ability, with which Egyptian religion was so strongly associated; therefore, it seemed to savor Knowledge practices to the foreigner. Imagine omitting the Pyramid Knowledge papyri. For a proper understanding of the Egyptian Pyramids and Temple Buildings, it is wiser to derive our...
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The Olmec language and Teotihuacan language are still outside this preliminary classification: the ones represented by the Olmec area and those of Teotihuacan, which are currently being studied and discovered. Though it is still difficult to prove, there is some probability that the Olmec language preceded Totonac. In contrast, it is more specific than the writings and speech of Teotihuacan, which led to Nahua's development. The Mexican population...
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At the beginning of time, there was only Nun, the primeval waters of chaos, then in a great flood, the Sun got interned, rose from the water, and willed himself into creation. Atum then created Ayr, a son he named shu and moisture, a daughter he named Tefnut.
They were the first divine pair and soon had children of their own. The earth named gab and the sky called nut the second divine pair then had four children: Osiris, Isis, Seth, and Neftis.
They...
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The Central Andes, Mexico, El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Peru, and Bolivia all have deep roots in their pre-Columbian civilizations. The first chapters of Latin America's history correspond to those who inhabited it before encountering Europeans. This is especially true in Mesoamerica. The objectives are to show the development of the peoples and high civilizations of Mesoamerica before the arrival of the Mexica (Aztecs)...
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Mayan ideas spread via broadcast and influenced divergent cultures and languages. It is possible to trace the influence of the Mayan civilization far beyond its confines (400 to 600 A.D.). One or two of these lesser civilizations may have existed contemporaneously with the great Mayan civilization, but most were at their best long after the great culture had declined. This chapter will emphasize the ties between these lesser civilizations and the...
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Thoth's roles in Egyptian mythology were many. He served as scribe of the gods, credited with the invention of writing and Egyptian hieroglyphs. In the underworld, Duat, he appeared as an ape, Aani, the god of equilibrium, who reported when the scales weighing the deceased's heart against the feather, representing the principle of Maat, was exactly even.The ancient Egyptians regarded Thoth as One, self-begotten, and self-produced. He was the master...
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Today, the word "God" carries a lot of baggage. People conjure up different meanings for it based on their backgrounds and cultures; it often evokes positive and negative emotions. Humanity living in God's awareness on a day-to-day basis is often complicated for people from the Dwapara Yuga. As previously discussed, atheism and science often limit the Kali Yuga conception of God.According to Sri Yukteswar, God is not a venerable personage who resides...
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In ancient Egyptian history, some dynasties prospered, and some faded out of existence. They are traditionally divided into thirty-two pharaonic dynasties; they are classified into "kingdoms" and "intermediate periods" from these dynasties.Manetho, the third-century Egyptian priest, gives us the first thirty dynasties, which he published in Aegytiaca, now lost to ravages of time. These likely stems from the Ptolemaic rule in Egypt. The Ptolemaic Dynasty...
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Thousands of years ago, people settled in the part of the world called Mesoamerica. This region consists of southern Mexico and most of Central America as it stretches between what is now called the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean. Although many different countries now exist within this space, it was the original home to just one civilisation: the Olmec. As time advanced, other well-known groups became dominant in the area. These were primarily...
14) Origins and Creation Mythology of the Far East: As Told by the Mountain Peoples of the Philippines
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Beliefs about the origin of the Earth and the men, animals, plants, and various topographical features seem to survive with greater persistence than any other trait of primitive culture. These beliefs lie at the base of nearly all religions, and the myths in which the beliefs are preserved are the foundation of literature. Therefore, the preservation and study of origin myths are of much importance in the reconstruction of the history of humanity,...
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The group of beliefs which constituted what for convenience' sake is called the Egyptian religion in an existence of some thousands of years passed through nearly every phase known to the student of comparative mythology. If the theologians of ancient Egypt found it impossible to form a pantheon of deities with any hope of consistency, assigning to each god or goddess his or her proper position in the divine galaxy as ruling over a definite sphere,...